ASTM A1044/A1044M-16a

1.1 This specification covers steel stud assemblies for shear reinforcement of concrete. Stud assemblies consist of either single-headed studs (Type 1) attached to a structural steel base rail by structural welding or stud welding, or double-headed studs (Type 2) mechanically crimped into a non-structural steel shape or attached to a steel plate by spot welding or tack welding. These stud assemblies are not intended for use as shear connectors in steel-concrete composite construction.

Note 1: The configuration of the studs for stud assemblies is much different than the configuration of the headed-type studs prescribed in Section 7, Figure 7.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M. Ratios of the cross-sectional areas of the head-to-shank of the AWS D1.1/D1.1M studs range from about 2.5 to 4. In contrast, this specification requires the area of the head of the studs for stud assemblies to be at least 10 times the area of the shank. Thus, the standard headed-type studs in Section 7, Figure 7.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M do not conform to the requirements of this specification for use as stud assemblies for shear reinforcement.