ASTM C146-94a(2014)

1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of glass sands. They are useful for either high-silica sands (99 % + silica (SiO₂)) or for high-alumina sands containing as much as 12 to 13 % alumina (Al₂O₃). Generally nonclassical, the test methods are rapid and accurate. They include the determination of silica and of total R₂O₃  (see 11.2.4), and the separate determination of total iron as iron oxide (Fe₂O₃), titania (TiO₂), chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), zirconia (ZrO₂), and ignition loss. Included are procedures for the alkaline earths and alkalies. High-alumina sands may contain as much as 5 to 6 % total alkalies and alkaline earths. It is recommended that the alkalies be determined by flame photometry and the alkaline earths by absorption spectrophotometry.