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AWWA ACE58246
- Optimizing the Use of Carbon Dioxide for Bromate Control
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 06/15/2003
- Publisher: AWWA
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The Alameda County Water District, located in Fremont, California operates a 28-MGD watertreatment plant that uses preozonation for disinfection, oxidation, and taste-and-odor control.The plant treats Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta water, which periodically contains high levels ofbromide. High bromide levels lead to the formation of bromate upon ozonation of this water. In2002, the District installed a carbon dioxide (CO2) feed system to lower the pH of the waterupstream of ozonation in order to reduce bromate formation. Preliminary results show that bromate formation with ozonationcan be significantly reduced by the addition of carbon dioxide (CO2). The focus of this paper ison the performance of the CO2 system and efforts made by the project team to analyze andoptimize its operation. Topics covered include: plant description; bromate minimization; direct vs indirect feed method; CO2 stripping in last chamber of contactor; and, impact on chemical doses. Includes 2 references, tables, figures.
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