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AWWA ACE61705
- Copper Pinhole Leak Development in the Presence of AL(OH)3 and Chlorine
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 06/17/2005
- Publisher: AWWA
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The objective of this study was to determine if potable water containing aluminum, high chlorineresidual and relatively high pH can cause pinholes in copper tube. To our knowledge this is the first timethe phenomenon of pinhole leaks have been reproduced in the laboratory as it occurs in the field. Ittherefore proves that "aggressive water" alone can cause the problem of pitting. The role of flow, pipeorientation and hypothesized surface defects were directly examined as part of this evaluation. Pittingincreased for pipe sections with high flow and for sections of straight pipe exposed to hydraulicconditions near bends. Copper pipe sections polished to a mirror like finish to remove surface defectswere also severely attacked. Includes 18 references, tables, figures.
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