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AWWA ACE70891
- Converting from Granular Media Filtration to MF/UF Membranes: The Singaporean Way
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 11/01/2009
- Publisher: AWWA
$12.00$24.00
This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of Singapore's membrane capacity per capita and its conversion from granular media to membranes. Membrane equipment, operating conditions, mixed siphon and pump system, schedule, cost summary, and site tour are all presented. Conclusions indicate that: the Chua Chu Kang Water Treatment Plant upgrade was the largest retrofitted membraneplant, 182 MLD (48 mgd) in Asia Pacific and 2ndlargest in the world; immersed ultrafiltration (UF) membrane retrofitted from existingsand filters; enhanced water quality and achieved micro-animalalgae-free drinking water; innovatively designed for energy and chemicalefficiency; and, first plant to use a mixed pump-siphon system. Includes table, figures.
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