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AWWA ACE90091
- Ozone Application in Europe
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1990
- Publisher: AWWA
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Many water resources in Europe are turbid and loaded with organics. This kind of water is more and more frequently ozonated in stages to achieve the benefit of the synergetic effect of ozonation plus the other treatment steps of coagulation and biological filtration. In practice, the most common solution is now two or three ozonation stages during the treatment: preozonation prior to coagulation, intermediate ozonation combined with biological filtration on granular activated carbon and, depending on the nature of the residual organic content, a virucidal ozonation as the final treatment.