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AWWA ACE91052
- Formation and Control of Brominated Ozone By-Products
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1991
- Publisher: AWWA
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As part of an effort to identify treatment alternatives capable of controlling disinfection byproduct formation, taste and odor causing compounds, and microorganisms, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California conducted a two-year, pilot-scale study to evaluate ozone and peroxone (a combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide). The pilot facility treated Metropolitan's two source waters: state project water (SPW) from Northern California and Colorado River water (CRW). This study demonstrated that ozone and peroxone, each followed by chloramines, met water quality objectives, with the exception of DBP formation in high-bromide waters. Because SPW is subject to periodic seawater intrusion, various levels of chloride and bromide are present in exported water. Four conclusions are drawn. Ozone dose plays a critical role in the formation of bromate in SPW. The addition of hydrogen peroxide (the peroxone process) significantly decreases the formation of brominated organic DBPs in SPW but the impact on bromate formation varies. Bromide levels greater than 0.18 mg/L in 100-percent of blended SPW yielded measurable levels of bromate when a target ozone residual for disinfection was met. Bromate control options in high-bromide waters may include ammonia addition and/or pH adjustment.
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