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AWWA ACE93139
- Evidence for Biologically Mediated Bacteria Removal in Slow Sand Filters
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1993
- Publisher: AWWA
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Slow sand filter Escherichia coli removal mechanisms were investigated at bench scale. Eighty five percent of influent E. coli were removed in the top 2 cm of filters. Experiments conducted using sodium azide (an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation) revealed all E. coli removal to be due to biological mechanisms. Bacterivory and attachment to biofilms are mechanisms responsible for bacteria removal. The filter cake, defined as that portion of the schmutzdecke above the filter surface, did not remove bacteria. While the filter cake commonly is regarded as being responsible for the effectiveness of slow sand filters, it contributed only head loss in this study.
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