AWWA ACE94099

Although industrial water use accounts for a small proportion of total urban water use, individual companies consume large amounts of water. When California suffered an extended drought from 1987 through 1991, water agencies became concerned over these levels of water use. The experience also led to concerns over the effect of water shortages on industrial water users. The California Urban Water Agencies commissioned a statewide survey to investigate water use, water conservation efforts, and the impact of water shortages in industries. The study concentrated on industries that used a great deal of water and were important to the California economy because they contributed either high employment or high values of production. The study showed that over 50% of the water use goes for process use, and all but 2 of 22 industry groups showed an increase in efficiency of water use. Most industries reported that a 15% water shortage would result in significant cuts in production, and a 30% water shortage would result in serious impacts, with an average loss of $130,000 per acre-foot.

Product Details

Published:

01/01/1994

ISBN(s):

0898677734

Number of Pages:

6

File Size:

1 file , 200 KB