• AWWA ACE95085
Provide PDF Format

Learn More

AWWA ACE95085

  • Chlorine-Ozone Interactions--Formation of Chlorate
  • Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1995
  • Publisher: AWWA

$12.00$24.00


The chlorate ion is one of the contaminants being considered for regulation in drinking water under the disinfection byproduct rule. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is concerned that, in addition to its presence in water as a result of chlorine dioxide use, chlorate may be formed during intermediate ozonation if residual chlorine is present. A detailed mechanism for the formation of chlorate during ozonation of water containing chlorine is proposed. The majority of chlorate forms through a free radical pathway in natural source waters as opposed to chlorate formation by both pathways in low-DOC waters. The monitoring of OH radicals using p-chlorobenzoic acid indicated that the formation of chlorate is proportional to OH radical generation. The presence of alkalinity enhanced chlorate formation due to secondary reactions between carbonate radicals and chlorine species and the addition of ammonia and peroxide before ozonation reduced chlorate formation whereas the simultaneous addition of peroxide during ozonation enhanced chlorate formation.

Related Products

AWWA WQTC65766

AWWA WQTC65766

Impact of MIEX Pretreatment on Downstream Conventionally Treated Water Quality Parameters..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA WQTC57187

AWWA WQTC57187

Bromate Control During Ozonation of High-Bromide Drinking Water..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA WQTC58965

AWWA WQTC58965

Assessment of Arsenic Treatment Alternatives for Source Waters in New Jersey, California, and Arizon..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA ACE70521

AWWA ACE70521

Sinkzilla: Managing Media during an Interstate Disaster..

$12.00 $24.00