AWWA EDC51961

Integrated membrane systems (IMSs) are defined as a combination of one or moremembrane processes, and typically include a combination of two or more of thefollowing processes: microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration(NF) and hyperfiltration (commonly known as reverse osmosis (RO)). IMSs areemerging as an ideal choice for the treatment of surface water for compliancewith the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR). The primary purpose of implementingan IMS approach for advanced water treatment of surface water supplies is toreduce and control membrane fouling during treatment. This paper identifies thecharacteristics of MF, UF, NF and RO and briefly discusses the importance ofwater quality in the selection of water supply source and membrane processdesign. IMS performance considerations are also addressed. Includes 17 references, table.

Product Details

Edition:

Vol. - No.

Published:

01/01/1999

Number of Pages:

6

File Size:

1 file , 140 KB