AWWA JAW37634

The objectives of this survey were to determine the number of membrane plants currently operating in North America, assess industry growth, and identify trends. In December 1993, the combined capacity of the more than 190 plants was > 215 mgd. Approximately 80 percent are reverse osmosis (RO) units, and 20 percent are electrodialysis reversal (EDR). Recovery rates as high as 85 percent for RO and 94 percent for EDR systems are being used for normal operation. The blending of raw water with the membrane product water is common practice. Different membranes are sometimes being used for plants with two or more stages. Includes 20 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition:

Vol. 86 - No. 12

Published:

12/01/1994

Number of Pages:

13

File Size:

1 file , 39 MB