• AWWA JAW3803
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AWWA JAW3803

  • Journal AWWA - A Fluoride Overfeed Incident at Harbor Springs, Michigan
  • Journal Article by American Water Works Association, 04/01/1980
  • Publisher: AWWA

$15.00$30.00


The four persons who became ill on November 22, 1977, in Harbor Springs, Michigan are apparently the first reported victims in the U.S. of illness resulting from a malfunctioning community fluoridation system, but this type of incident could occur in any municipal water system that does not employ proper control of chemical feed equipment. An investigation was conducted to determine the manner in which excess fluoride was delivered to the system, the extent of illness attributable to the overfeed, and the necessary corrective action to prevent future occurrences. A number of recommendations were made including provision of dual independent control systems for chemical feed equipment, disconnection of nonessential chemical feed equipment at standby pumping facilities, and frequent and thorough inspections of chemical feed equipment. Includes 3 references, tables, figures.

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