• AWWA WQTC52971
Provide PDF Format

Learn More

AWWA WQTC52971

  • Effect of Phosphate Inhibitors on Lead Release From Pipes
  • Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/2000
  • Publisher: AWWA

$12.00$24.00


Hexametaphosphate tends to increase release of both particulate and soluble leadto drinking water. For every mg/L of residual hexametaphosphate, soluble leadincreases by about 1.6-2.5 mg/L after 72 hours of stagnation in pure lead pipescompared to the same condition dosed with orthophosphate. Utilities shouldconsider these adverse effects whenever polyphosphate is used to prevent scalingor iron precipitation; in fact, polyphosphates cannot be recommended for leadcorrosion control. Though soluble lead release was in reasonable agreement withpredictions of solubility models, particulate lead release was dominant in theseexperiments. In some cases, a peak in lead release was observed with increasingstagnation time in pipes--analysis of that data indicated that particulate leadcan re-attach to the pipe surface under at least some circumstances. Includes 22 references, tables, figures.

Related Products

AWWA MTC95002

AWWA MTC95002

Funding: Key Ingredient to a Small Community Membrane System..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA WQTC64090

AWWA WQTC64090

UV/Chlorine: Looking Beyond Conventional DBPs..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA WQTC65951

AWWA WQTC65951

Determining the Source of Low Disinfectant Residuals Using Fluoride Tracer Protocols..

$12.00 $24.00

AWWA JAW34230

AWWA JAW34230

Journal AWWA - Assessing the Effects of Storage Tank Design on Water Quality..

$15.00 $30.00