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AWWA WQTC58915
- Choosing an Optimal Chloramine Residual Goal for Philadelphia's Tap Water
- Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 11/02/2003
- Publisher: AWWA
$12.00$24.00
Since the 1970s, Philadelphia has applied a chloramine residual to the drinkingwater for its distribution system. Over the years, experience has indicated that areasonable goal was 2.0 mg/L. US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulations require (at least in thepublic's eye) that the residual stay between 0.2 and 4.0 mg/L. Reasons, thoughweak, for reducing the chloramine residual below 2.0 mg/L include cost savings,disinfection byproducts (DBP) control, disposal of chloraminated water, and the needs of sensitivecustomers. Reasons for maintaining the goal include, primarily, preventing warmwater dieoff of the residual and averting problems such as biological nitrification.Better control in minimizing the free ammonia residual and the dichloraminecomponent of the chloramine residual are needed. Though customer sensitivityto a 2.0 mg/L chloramine residual is not high, public education on the benefits ofa chloramine residual would improve public perceptions for those who can detectthe flavor in their tap water or who incorrectly relate an off flavor to thechloramine residual. Includes 14 references, tables.
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