• AWWA WQTC71408
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AWWA WQTC71408

  • Trade-Offs between Continuous and Grab Samples for Water Quality in Distribution Systems
  • Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 11/01/2009
  • Publisher: AWWA

$12.00$24.00


This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of water quality sampling including continuous versus grab samples. The study objective was to examine sampling programs for two different casestudy distribution systems to determine the tradeoffsbetween continuous and grab samples. Study methodology included: using models for chlorine concentration, createsynthetic database to test different samplingdesigns (simulated sampling to determine efficiency of eachsampling design); and, investigate the impact of storage volume on thevariability of chlorine and test hypothesis that larger storage volume is linked tohigher temporal variability in chlorine. Presentation conclusions indicate that: use of continuous monitors as a 1:1 substitutefor grab samples may not increase samplingefficiency, even for systems with relatively hightemporal variability; continuous monitors are more helpful as asupplement to grab samples but only whenlocations are carefully selected; and, findings have implications for regulatorsconsidering how to integrate continuousmonitors into compliance sampling programs. Includes tables, figures.

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